AOD-9604 Chemical

The literature // sources of record

AOD-9604 references and source records.

Every quantitative claim on this site maps to one of these sources.

Back to the researchWhat is AOD-9604?

How to read this list

The sources below are the published literature this digest draws on. Inline markers throughout the site — [1], [2], and so on — point to these numbered entries. Each carries authors, journal, year, and a DOI or PubMed link so any claim can be traced to its origin. The list spans the mechanism studies in mice, rats, and cells; the human obesity trial record; the pharmacokinetic and safety evaluations; the preclinical osteoarthritis work; and the anti-doping analytical reviews that place AOD-9604 within sports drug-testing surveillance.

The cited literature

The complete numbered reference list is rendered below from the site's reference index, with DOIs and PubMed identifiers for each source.

  1. Heffernan M, Summers RJ, Thorburn A, Ogru E, Gianello R, Jiang WJ, Ng FM. The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology. 2001;142(12):5182-5189. ↗
  2. Heffernan MA, Thorburn AW, Fam B, Summers R, Conway-Campbell B, Waters MJ, Ng FM. Increase of fat oxidation and weight loss in obese mice caused by chronic treatment with human growth hormone or a modified C-terminal fragment. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders. 2001;25(10):1442-1449. ↗
  3. Ng FM, Sun J, Sharma L, Libinaka R, Jiang WJ, Gianello R. Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone. Hormone Research. 2000;53(6):274-278. ↗
  4. Bornstein J, Ng FM, Heng D, Wong KP. Metabolic actions of pituitary growth hormone. I. Inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase by human growth hormone and a carboxyl terminal part sequence acting through a second messenger. Acta Endocrinologica (Copenhagen). 1983;103(4):479-486. ↗
  5. Stier H, Vos E, Kenley D. Safety and Tolerability of the Hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in Humans. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2013;3(1-2):7-15. ↗
  6. More MI, Kenley D. Safety and Metabolism of AOD9604, a Novel Nutraceutical Ingredient for Improved Metabolic Health. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2014;4(3):64-77. ↗
  7. Kwon DR, Park GY. Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model. Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. 2015;45(4):426-432. ↗
  8. Ng FM, et al. Effect of an antilipogenic fragment of human growth hormone on glucose transport in rat adipocytes. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International. 1993;31(4):631-639. ↗
  9. Ng FM, et al. Molecular and cellular actions of a structural domain of human growth hormone (AOD9401) on lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 2000;25(3):287-298. ↗
  10. Adan RA. Central and peripheral molecular targets for antiobesity pharmacotherapy. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2010;87(6):748-751. ↗
  11. Thevis M, Schänzer W. Analytical approaches for the detection of emerging therapeutics and non-approved drugs in human doping controls. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2014;101:66-83. ↗
  12. Vanhee C, Moens G, Deconinck E, De Beer JO. Identification and characterization of peptide drugs in unknown pharmaceutical preparations seized by the Belgian authorities: case report on AOD9604. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2014;6:964-968. ↗
  13. Schänzer W, Thevis M. Human sports drug testing by mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 2017;36:16-46. ↗
  14. AOD-9604 (Metabolic Pharmaceuticals). Drug development profile. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs. 2004;5(4):437-441. ↗
  15. Halford JC. Obesity drugs in clinical development. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs. 2006;7(4):312-318. ↗